I would welcome additional quotations of any sources on either side of these issues.The article speaks of spectral analysis at the end of the 19th century. The great red spot?The phases of Venus?The parallax?The role of the telescope in this article seems insignificantThe section of renaissance and enlightenment needs a lot of hard work.On what currency note was the satellite Aryabhata Printed?I have presented the sources of these claims, followed by critical material that can be used to evaluate them. '"Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) carried out observations on the stars and described their positions, magnitudes, brightness, and colour and drawings [...]"The sentence about al-Sufi and his star catalog says:The writings of western historians provide a quite different outlook than appears in the current section on Indian astronomy. Astronomy, science that encompasses the study of all extraterrestrial objects and phenomena. Such sources normally have low efficiencies and are limited to 107–8 photons/shot in the keV to MeV range. This led Kepler to proclaim three laws of elliptical planetary orbits focussed on the Sun, allegedly justified by Tycho Brahe's astronomical observations, but never actually demonstrated by Kepler in any publication. (unknown author)Who discovered Titan, and the rings of Saturn ?The rotation of Jupiter? Laser-wakefield accelerators have led to the development of compact, ultrashort X-ray or gamma-ray sources to deliver peak brilliance, similar to … 8 The Universe on the Large Scale In a very rough sense, you could think of the solar system as your house or apartment and the Galaxy as your town, made up of many houses and buildings. All the objects that are not pinpoints of light in the picture are galaxies of billions of stars. The discovery of this “afterglow of creation” is considered to be one of the most significant events in twentieth-century science, and we are still exploring the many things it has to tell us about the earliest times of the universe.Figure 3: Fornax Cluster of Galaxies. Beyond the quasars and the most distant visible galaxies, we have detected the feeble glow of the explosion itself, filling the universe and thus coming to us from all directions in space. Feb 28, 2020 - Explore Sarah Jennings's board "Astronomy" on Pinterest. Acknowledgment: Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit) At distances of 10 to 15 million light-years, we find other small galaxy groups, and then at about 50 million light-years there are more impressive systems with thousands of member galaxies. The sweet spot for large, extra-wide monitors these days is 49 inches. The nearest large galaxy is a spiral quite similar to our own, located in the constellation of Andromeda, and is thus called the Andromeda galaxy; it is also known by one of its catalog numbers, M31 (Figure 2).M31 is a little more than 2 million light-years away and, along with the Milky Way, is part of a small cluster of more than 50 galaxies referred to as the Local Group. Jtm71 02:22, 3 February 2007 (UTC) Indian Astronomy -- Sources. They do not reflect any periodization or organizational scheme in any work on the subject I have read (admittedly a short reading list, though). In this image, you can see part of a cluster of galaxies located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation of Fornax. Since the late 19th century, astronomy has expanded to include astrophysics, the application of physical and chemical knowledge to an understanding of the nature of celestial objects.