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Haiti Name that revolutionaries gave to the former French colony of Saint Domingue; the term means "mountainous" or "rugged" in the Taino language.
While Toussaint, a former privileged slave of a tolerant white master, had felt a certain magnanimity toward whites, Dessalines, a former field slave, despised them. The island was initially claimed by Spain, which later ceded the western third of the island to France. Saint-Domingue became known as the "Pearl of the Antilles" — one of the richest colonies in the world in the 1… In history of Latin America: The north and the culmination of independence. Prior to the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), the economy of Saint-Domingue gradually expanded, with sugar and, later, coffee becoming important export crops. A firm hand was used in resistance to slavery.The French Civil Code of Napoleon affirmed the political and legal equality of all adult men; it established a merit-based society in which individuals advanced in education and employment because of talent rather than birth or social standing. In 1767, it exported 72 million pounds of raw sugar and 51 million pounds of refined sugar, one million pounds of indigo, and two million pounds of cotton. They followed the example of neighboring Caribbean colonies in coercive treatment of the enslaved population. They had lived under authoritarian control as rural laborers.

Beginning in 1791, a massive slave revolt sparked a general insurrection against the plantation system and French colonial power. Consisting mostly of slaves, the population was uneducated and largely unskilled.

Saint-Domingue Island now known as Haiti; good for sugar producing; residents (slaves) heard about equality and the other enlightenment ideas and asked France for the same rights as those people living in France but did not receive them--civil war breaks out and many Frenchmen die--gains independence from France--becomes Nation of Haiti. A minority of state officials and civil servants were exempt from manual labor, including some freed colored Haitians. The only fully successful slave rebellion in world history; the uprising in the French Caribbean colony of Saint Domingue (later renamed Haiti) was sparked by the French Revolution and led to the establishment of an independent state after a long and bloody war (1791-1804). More cattle and slave agricultural holdings, coffee plantations and spice plantations were implemented, as well as fishing, cultivation of cocoa, coconuts, and snuff.Saint-Domingue quickly came to overshadow the previous colony in both wealth and population.Nicknamed the "Pearl of the Antilles," Saint-Domingue became the richest and most prosperous French colony in the West Indies, cementing its status as an important port in the Americas for goods and products flowing to and from France and Europe. Thus, the income and the taxes from slave-based sugar production became a major source of the French budget. Saint-Domingue's Black population quickly increased. Literally, "free people of color"; term used to describe freed slaves and people of mixed racial background in Saint Domingue on the eve of the Haitian Revolution.
…the French Caribbean colony of Saint-Domingue. The situation of the enslaved and people of mixed race was not improved.The economy of Saint-Domingue became focused on slave-based agricultural plantations. Many slaves had to work hard to survive, and they became increasingly motivated by their hunger. White residents felt the sting most sharply.

Haiti is an independent nation in the Caribbeanthat occupies the western part of the island of Hispaniola, with the Dominican Republic to the east. Prior to gaining its independence in 1804, Haiti was the French colony of Saint-Domingue. The rebellion developed into both a civil war, pitting blacks and mulattos against whites, and an international conflict, as England and Spain … After the war, which disrupted maritime commerce, the colony underwent rapid expansion. The Civil Code confirmed many of the moderate revolutionary policies of the National Assembly but retracted measures passed by the more radical Convention.